Simple Machines

Types of Simple Machines

• Lever (e.g. hammer, seesaw)
• Inclined Plane (e.g. ramp, wedge)
• Wheel and Axle (e.g. door knob)
• Pulley (e.g. block and tackle)

Types of Levers

• Lever - a rigid bar that can turn freely about a pivot or support called a fulcrum.
• First Order Lever (EFL)
  (e.g. scissors, pliers, hammer pulling out nail)
  
• Second Order Lever (FLE)
  (e.g. wheel barrow , bottle opener, nutcracker)
  
• Third Order Lever (FEL)
  (e.g. shovel, tongs, fishing rod)

Types of Pulleys

Fixed Pulley

Moveable Pulley

Mechanical Advantage

• Mechanical Advantage of a Lever

MA =	output force	=	Load
	input force		Effort

• Mechanical Advantage of an Inclined Plane

MA =	Sloped Length of Ramp
	Vertical Height of Ramp

• Mechanical Advantage of a Wheel and Axle

MA =	Wheel Diameter
	Axle Diameter

• Mechanical Advantage of a Pulley
  
  MA = Number of ropes supporting the load